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Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2001) - Svalbard (2007)

Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2001) z Svalbard (2007)

 Turks and Caicos Islands (2001)Svalbard (2007)
 Turks and Caicos IslandsSvalbard
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Age structure 0-14 years:
32.58% (male 2,996; female 2,908)

15-64 years:
63.51% (male 6,050; female 5,459)

65 years and over:
3.91% (male 316; female 393) (2001 est.)		 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish -
Airports 8 (2000 est.) 4 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
4

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
4

914 to 1,523 m:
2

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)		 total: 3


under 914 m: 3 (2007)
Area total:
430 sq km

land:
430 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 61,020 sq km


land: 61,020 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island)
Area - comparative 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than West Virginia
Background The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory. First discovered by the Norwegians in the 12th century, the islands served as an international whaling base during the 17th and 18th centuries. Norway's sovereignty was recognized in 1920; five years later it officially took over the territory.
Birth rate 24.89 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
Budget revenues:
$47 million

expenditures:
$33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-1998 est.)		 revenues: $25.07 million


expenditures: $NA (2004 est.)
Capital Cockburn Town (on Grand Turk) name: Longyearbyen


geographic coordinates: 78 13 N, 15 33 E


time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year
Coastline 389 km 3,587 km
Constitution introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988 -
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Turks and Caicos Islands		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Svalbard (sometimes referred to as Spitzbergen)
Currency US dollar (USD) -
Death rate 4.47 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was awarded to Norway
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Disputes - international none despite recent discussions, Russia and Norway dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the Svalbard Treaty zone
Economic aid - recipient $4.1 million (1997) $8.2 million from Norway (1998)
Economy - overview The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US was the leading source of tourists in 1996, accounting for more than half of the 87,000 visitors; tourist arrivals had risen to 93,000 by 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts. Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. The treaty of 9 February 1920 gave the 41 signatories equal rights to exploit mineral deposits, subject to Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK, Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the past, the only companies still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard are essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs nearly 60% of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local services, and provides most of the local infrastructure. There is also some hunting of seal, reindeer, and fox.
Electricity - consumption 4.6 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 5 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Blue Hills 49 m		 lowest point: Arctic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Newtontoppen 1,717 m
Environment - current issues limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater NA
Ethnic groups black Norwegian 55.4%, Russian and Ukrainian 44.3%, other 0.3% (1998)
Exchange rates the US dollar is used Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 6.4117 (2006), 6.4425 (2005), 6.7408 (2004), 7.0802 (2003), 7.9838 (2002)
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Mervyn JONES (since 27 January 2000)

head of government:
Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995)

cabinet:
Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister appointed by the governor		 chief of state: King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991)


head of government: Governor Per SEFLAND (since 1 October 2005); Assistant Governor Rune Baard HANSEN (since 2003)


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor and assistant governor responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice
Exports $4.7 million (1993) $197.6 million (2004)
Exports - commodities lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells -
Exports - partners US, UK -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus the flag of Norway is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $128 million (1999 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $7,300 (1999 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 8.7% (1999 est.) NA%
Geographic coordinates 21 45 N, 71 35 W 78 00 N, 20 00 E
Geography - note 30 islands (eight inhabited) northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area; site of future seed repository under construction by the Global Crop Diversity Trust and the Norwegian Government
Heliports - 1 (2007)
Highways total:
121 km

paved:
24 km

unpaved:
97 km (2000)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe -
Imports $46.6 million (1993) $NA
Imports - commodities food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials -
Imports - partners US, UK -
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) none (territory of Norway)
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries tourism, offshore financial services -
Infant mortality rate 18.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4% (1995) -
International organization participation Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau) none
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 14 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km NA
Judicial branch Supreme Court -
Labor force 4,848 (1990 est.) NA
Labor force - by occupation about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services (1997 est.) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land:
2%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
98% (1993 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (no trees; the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry) (2005)
Languages English (official) Norwegian, Russian
Legal system based on laws of England and Wales, with a small number adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 4 March 1999 (next to be held by NA 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PDM 52.2%, PNP 40.9%, independent 6.9%; seats by party - PDM 9, PNP 4		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
73.52 years

male:
71.37 years

female:
75.77 years (2001 est.)		 total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school

total population:
98%

male:
99%

female:
98% (1970 est.)		 NA
Location Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and Norwegian Sea, north of Norway
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Arctic Region
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 territorial sea: 4 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm unilaterally claimed by Norway but not recognized by Russia
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK demilitarized by treaty on 9 February 1920
National holiday Constitution Day, 30 August (1976) -
Nationality noun:
none

adjective:
none		 -
Natural hazards frequent hurricanes ice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic
Natural resources spiny lobster, conch coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, phosphate, wildlife, fish
Net migration rate 13.69 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
Political parties and leaders People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 18,122 (July 2001 est.) 2,214 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 3.41% (2001 est.) -0.007% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Grand Turk, Providenciales -
Radio broadcast stations AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 1 (plus 2 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 8,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Baptist 41.2%, Methodist 18.9%, Anglican 18.3%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.7%, other 19.9% (1980) -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.11 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.8 male(s)/female

total population:
1.07 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 NA (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment:
fair cable and radiotelephone services

domestic:
NA

international:
2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)		 general assessment: probably adequate


domestic: local telephone service


international: country code - 47-790; satellite earth station - 1 of unknown type (for communication with Norwegian mainland only)
Telephones - main lines in use 3,000 (1994) NA
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1994) -
Television broadcast stations 0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997) NA
Terrain low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts
Total fertility rate 3.22 children born/woman (2001 est.) NA
Unemployment rate 10% (1997 est.) -
Waterways none -
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